Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
Mach number is significant in

simultaneous motion through two fluids where there is a surface of dis-continuity, gravity force, and wave making effects, as with ship’s hulls
full immersion or completely enclosed flow, as with pipes, aircraft wings, nozzles etc
supersonics, as with projectiles and jet propulsion
all of fhe above

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Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
Surface tension

Decreases with fall in temperature
Is also known as capillarity
Acts in the plane of the interface normal to any line in the surface
Is a function of the curvature of the interface

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Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
In case of flow through parallel pipes,

The total head loss is the sum of head losses in the various pipes
Both (A) and (B)
The head loss for all the pipes is same
The total discharge is equal to the sum of discharges in the various pipes

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