Hydraulics & Fluid Mechanics
In which of the following the friction drag is generally larger than pressure drag?

a sphere
a cylinder
a circular disc or plate held normal to flow
an airfoil

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Hydraulics & Fluid Mechanics
The shear stress distribution for a fluid flowing in between the parallel plates, both at rest, is

parabolic distribution across the section
zero at the mid plane and varies linearly with distance from mid plane
zero at plates and increases linearly to midpoint
constant over the cross section

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Hydraulics & Fluid Mechanics
Non uniform flow occurs when

velocity, depth, pressure, etc. change from point to point in the fluid flow
the fluid particles move in plane or parallel planes and the streamline pat-terns are identical in each plane
the direction and magnitude of the velocity at all points are identical
the velocity of successive fluid par-ticles, at any point, is the same at suc-cessive periods of time

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Hydraulics & Fluid Mechanics
For laminar flow in a pipe of circular cross-section, the Darcy’s friction factor f is

inversely proportional to Reynolds number and directly proportional to pipe wall roughness
directly proportional to Reynolds number and independent of pipe wall roughness
inversely proportional to Reynolds number and indpendent of pipe wall roughness
directly proportional to pipe wall roughness and independent of Reynolds number

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