Hydraulics & Fluid Mechanics
The normal stress is same in all directions at a point in a fluid

irrespective of the motion of one fluid layer relative to an adjacent layer
When there is no motion of one fluid layer relative to an adjacent layer
only when the fluid is frictionless
only when the fluid is incompressible and has zero viscosity

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Hydraulics & Fluid Mechanics
According to Bernoulli’s equation for steady ideal fluid flow

the energy is constant along a stream-line but may vary across streamlines
total energy is constant throughout
principle of conservation of mass holds
velocity and pressure are inversely proportional

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Hydraulics & Fluid Mechanics
Fluid is a substance that

cannot remain at rest under action of any shear force
has the same shear stress.at a point regardless of its motion
cannot be subjected to shear forces
always expands until it fills any container

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Hydraulics & Fluid Mechanics
True one-dimensional flow occurs when

the fluid particles move in plane or parallel planes and the streamline pat-terns are identical in each plane
the magnitude and direction of the velocity do not change from point to point in the fluid
the direction and magnitude of the veiocity at all points are identical
the velocity of successive fluid par-ticles, at any point, is the same at suc-cessive periods of time

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Hydraulics & Fluid Mechanics
Non uniform flow occurs when

the fluid particles move in plane or parallel planes and the streamline pat-terns are identical in each plane
the velocity of successive fluid par-ticles, at any point, is the same at suc-cessive periods of time
velocity, depth, pressure, etc. change from point to point in the fluid flow
the direction and magnitude of the velocity at all points are identical

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