Machine Design
In the case of an elastic bar fixed at upper end and loaded by a falling weight at lower end, the shock load produced can be decreased by

Would depend upon other factors
Remain unaffected with cross-section area
Decreasing the cross-section area of bar
Increasing the cross-section area of bar

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Machine Design
A hollow saddle key is

A taper key which fits in a key way of the hub and is flat on the shaft
A taper key which fits in a key way of the hub and the bottom of the key is shaped to fit the curved surface of the shaft
Provided in pairs at right angles and each key is to withstand torsion in one direction only
A taper key which fits half in the key way of hub and half in the key way of shaft

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