Machine Design
In the case of an elastic bar fixed at upper end and loaded by a falling weight at lower end, the shock load produced can be decreased by

Would depend upon other factors
Remain unaffected with cross-section area
Increasing the cross-section area of bar
Decreasing the cross-section area of bar

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Machine Design
A tap bolt

Has a head on one end and a nut fitted to the other
Has pointed threads
Has head at one end and other end fits into a tapped hole in the other part to be joined
Has both the ends threaded

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