Machine Design
In the case of an elastic bar fixed at upper end and loaded by a falling weight at lower end, the shock load produced can be decreased by

Decreasing the cross-section area of bar
Increasing the cross-section area of bar
Would depend upon other factors
Remain unaffected with cross-section area

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Machine Design
Spring stiffness is

Its ability to absorb shocks
Its capability of storing energy
Load required to produce unit deflection
Ratio of coil diameter to wire diameter

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