Process Equipment and Plant Design
In the case of a shell and tube heat exchanger, the logarithmic mean temperature difference

Is always more than arithmetic mean value and the geometric mean value
Is always less than arithmetic average value
Is always less than arithmetic mean value, but more than geometric mean value
May be either more or less than geometric mean and arithmetic mean value depending upon whether the flow of stream is co-current or counter-current

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
The centre to centre distance between two consecutive baffles in a shell and tube heat exchanger is called the baffle pitch or baffle spacing, which is more than 1/5th the I.D. of the shell. Which of the following is not a function of the baffles?

To increase the residence time of shell side fluid
To increase the tube side heat transfer co-efficient by inducing turbulence
To provide support to the tube bundle
To reduce the induced vibration in the tubes

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
Which of the following is not a valid assumption in continuous binary distillation for calculating the number of equilibrium stages by Mc-Cabe-Thiele's method?

Sensible heat changes for vapour & liquid are negligibly small
Molar latent heat of the two components are equal
Reflux is not a saturated liquid
Heat of mixing of normal liquid is assumed to be zero

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