Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
In open channels, the specific energy is the

Total energy measured with respect to the datum passing through the bottom of the channel
Total energy measured above the horizontal datum
Kinetic energy plotted above the free surface of water
Total energy per unit discharge

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Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
The function of guide vanes in a reaction turbine is to

Allow the water to flow over them, without forming eddies
Allow the required quantity of water to enter the turbine
All of the listed here
Allow the water to enter the runner without shock

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