Theory of Machine
In locomotives, the ratio of the connecting rod length to me crank radius is kept very large in order to

Minimize the effect of secondary forces
Minimize the effect of primary forces
To start the locomotive quickly
Have perfect balancing

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Theory of Machine
In a band and block brake, the ratio of tensions on tight side and slack side of the band is (where μ = Coefficient of friction between the blocks and the drum, θ = Semi-angle of each block subtending at the center of drum, and n = Number of blocks)

T₁/T₂ = μ. θ. n
T₁/T₂ = [(1 + μ tanθ)/(1 - μ tanθ)]n
T₁/T₂ = [(1 - μ tanθ)/(1 + μ tanθ)]n
T₁/T₂ = (μ θ)n

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