Workshop Technology
Extrusion

Is used to improve fatigue resistance of the metal by setting up compressive stresses in its surface
Is extensively used for making bolts and nuts
Consists of pressing the metal inside a chamber to force it out by high pressure through an orifice which is shaped to provide the desired form of the finished part
Is used for reducing the diameter of round bars and tubes by rotating dies which open and close rapidly on the work

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Workshop Technology
The purpose of a gate is to

Feed the molten metal to the casting in order to compensate for the shrinkage
Delivers molten metal into the mould cavity
Delivers molten metal from pouring basin to gate
Act as a reservoir for the molten metal

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Workshop Technology
Lancing is the operation of

Cutting a sheet of metal through part of its length and then bending the cut portion
Bending a sheet of metal along a curved axis
Removal of metal to the desired shape from the edge of a plate
Cutting a sheet of metal in a straight line along the length

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