Workshop Technology
During hot working of metals

Mechanical properties are improved due to refinement of grains
Porosity of the metal is largely eliminated
All of the listed here
Grain structure of the metal is refined

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Workshop Technology
The purpose of a riser is to

Act as a reservoir for the molten metal
Feed the molten metal to the casting in order to compensate for the shrinkage
Deliver molten metal into the mould cavity
Deliver the molten metal from pouring basin to gate

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