Process Equipment and Plant Design
Which of the following is not a valid assumption in continuous binary distillation for calculating the number of equilibrium stages by Mc-Cabe-Thiele's method?

Molar latent heat of the two components are equal
Sensible heat changes for vapour & liquid are negligibly small
Reflux is not a saturated liquid
Heat of mixing of normal liquid is assumed to be zero

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
Generally, elliptical dished heads

All of these
Are approximately as strong as seamless cylindrical shell having the corresponding I.D and O.D
Resist half the pressure rating compared to hemi spherical head provided on the cylindrical shell of the same thickness and diameter
Are manufactured on 2:1 ratio of major to minor axis and is recommended to be used for pressure vessels operating above a pressure of 1.5 MN/m²

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
A forced circulation long tube vertical evaporator as compared to the natural circulation evaporator

Both B & C
Employs a centrifugal pump placed between external downtake from vapor drum and inlet to tube bundle
Employs high velocity, high heat transfer rate and less heating surface requirement
Is economical in operation

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