Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
In an internal mouthpiece, if the jet after contraction does not touch the sides of the mouthpiece, then the mouthpiece is said to be

Partially running free
Running full
Running free
Partially running full

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Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
Mechanical efficiency of a centrifugal pump is the ratio of

Manometric head to the energy supplied by the impeller per kN of water
Energy supplied to the pump to the energy available at the impeller
Energy available at the impeller to the energy supplied to the pump by the prime mover
Actual work-done by the pump to the energy supplied to the pump by the prime mover

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Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
Overall efficiency of a centrifugal pump is the ratio of

Actual work-done by the pump to the energy supplied to the pump by the prime mover
Energy supplied to the pump to the energy available at the impeller
Energy available at the impeller to the energy supplied to the pump by the prime mover
Manometric head to the energy supplied by the impeller per kN of water

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Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
The depth of centre of pressure (h) for a vertically immersed surface from the liquid surface is given by (where IG = Moment of inertia of the immersed surface about horizontal axis through its centre of gravity, A = Area of immersed surface, and x = Depth of centre of gravity of the immersed surface from the liquid surface)

(IG/x̅) - Ax̅
(IG/Ax̅) + x̅
(IG/Ax̅) - x̅
(Ax̅/IG) + x̅

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