Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
In an immersed body, centre of pressure is

At the centre of gravity
Could be above or below e.g. depending on density of body and liquid
Below be centre of gravity
Above the centre of gravity

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Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
In open channels, the specific energy is the

Total energy per unit discharge
Total energy measured above the horizontal datum
Kinetic energy plotted above the free surface of water
Total energy measured with respect to the datum passing through the bottom of the channel

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Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
Surface tension

Is a function of the curvature of the interface
Is also known as capillarity
Acts in the plane of the interface normal to any line in the surface
Decreases with fall in temperature

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Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
When a liquid is flowing through a pipe, the velocity of the liquid is

Minimum at the centre and maximum near the walls
Maximum at the centre and zero near the walls
Zero at the centre and maximum near the walls
Maximum at the centre and minimum near the walls

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Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
Coefficient of resistance is the ratio of

Loss of head in the orifice to the head of water available at the exit of the orifice
Area of jet at vena-contracta to the area of orifice
Actual discharge through an orifice to the theoretical discharge
Actual velocity of jet at vena-contracta to the theoretical velocity

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