Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
In open channels, the specific energy is the

Total energy measured with respect to the datum passing through the bottom of the channel
Total energy measured above the horizontal datum
Total energy per unit discharge
Kinetic energy plotted above the free surface of water

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Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
The specific speed of turbine is defined as the speed of a unit

Of such a size that it requires unit power per unit head
Of such a size that it produces unit horse power with unit head
Of such a size that it delivers unit discharge at unit power
Of such a size that it delivers unit discharge at unit head

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Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
Manometric head, in case of a centrifugal pump, is equal to

All of these
Energy per kN at outlet of impeller Energy per kN at inlet of impeller
Suction lift + Loss of head in suction pipe due to friction + Delivery lift + Loss of head in delivery pipe due to friction + Velocity head in the delivery pipe
Work-done per kN of water Losses within the impeller

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