Electrical Machines
In an alternator, voltage drops occurs in

  armature resistance, leakage reactance and armature reaction.
  armature resistance, leakage reactance, armature reaction and earth connection.
  armature resistance only.
  armature resistance and leakage reactance.

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Electrical Machines
If the applied voltage of a certain transformer is increased by 50% and the frequency is reduced by 50%, the maximum flux density will (assuming that the magnetic circuit remains unsaturated)

 changes to 0.5 times the original value
 remain the same as the original
 changes to 1.5 times the original value
 changes to three times the original value

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