RCC Structures Design
In a singly reinforced beam, the effective depth is measured from its compression edge to

Longitudinal central axis
Tensile reinforcement
Neutral axis of the beam
Tensile edge

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RCC Structures Design
The self-weight of the footing, is

Not considered for calculating the upward pressure on footing
Also considered for calculating the upward pressure on footing
Not considered for calculating the area of the footing
Both (b) and (c)

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