Process Equipment and Plant Design
In a shell and tube heat exchanger, the clearance of the tube is generally

Not less than one-fourth of the tube diameter or 3/16"
Equal to the tube diameter
More in case of triangular pitch as compared to the square pitch tube layout
More than the tube diameter

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
The centre to centre distance between two consecutive baffles in a shell and tube heat exchanger is called the baffle pitch or baffle spacing, which is more than 1/5th the I.D. of the shell. Which of the following is not a function of the baffles?

To provide support to the tube bundle
To reduce the induced vibration in the tubes
To increase the residence time of shell side fluid
To increase the tube side heat transfer co-efficient by inducing turbulence

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
A forced circulation long tube vertical evaporator as compared to the natural circulation evaporator

Employs a centrifugal pump placed between external downtake from vapor drum and inlet to tube bundle
Employs high velocity, high heat transfer rate and less heating surface requirement
Is economical in operation
Both B & C

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