Theory of Machine
In a reciprocating steam engine, when the crank has turned from inner dead centre through an angle θ, the angular velocity of the connecting rod is given by

ω sinθ/(n² - cos²θ)1/2
ω cosθ/(n² - sin²θ)1/2
ω cosθ/(n² - cos²θ)1/2
ω sinθ/(n² - sin²θ)1/2

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Theory of Machine
Pitch point on a cam is

The point on cam pitch curve having the maximum pressure angle
The point on cam pitch curve having the minimum pressure angle
Any point on pitch circle
Any point on pitch curve

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Theory of Machine
In a steam engine, the earlier cut-off with a simple slide valve may be obtained by increasing the steam lap and the angle of advance of the eccentric but keeping constant the travel and lead of the valve, this method will

Reduce maximum opening of port to steam
All of the listed here
Cause withdrawing or throttling of steam
Reduce length of effective stroke of piston

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