Electrical Machines
An ideal synchronous motor has no starting torque because

 rotor is made up of salient poles.
  relative velocity between stator and rotor mmf’s is not zero.
 rotor winding is highly reactive.
 relative velocity between the stator and rotor mmf’s is zero.

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Electrical Machines
Cogging and crawling are phenomena associated with

 the former at a fraction of its rate speed and the latter during starting.
 cage induction machines and they are essentially the same.
 the former during starting and the latter at a fraction of its rated speed.
 any of the above.

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