Internal Combustion Engines
In a four stroke cycle diesel engine, the exhaust valve

Opens at 30° before bottom dead centre and closes at 10° after top dead centre
Opens at 30° after bottom dead centre and closes at 10° before top dead centre
Opens at bottom dead centre and closes at top dead centre
May open and close anywhere

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Internal Combustion Engines
Fuel consumption of diesel engines is not guaranteed at one quarter load because at such low loads

The small difference in cooling water temperature or in internal friction has a disproportionate effect
The friction is high
The engine is rarely operated
The friction is unpredictable

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