Electrical Machines
In a dc generator operating on load with its brushes on the geometrical neutral axis (GNA), the magnetic neutral axis (MNA) is shifted in the direction of rotation. Now, if the brushes are given a lead of 90° (electrical), then the MNA will

 shift forward by 90°
 coincide with the GNA
 shift forward by less than 90°
 shift forward by more than 90°

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Electrical Machines
Which of the following represents the commutator pitch?

 The distance between the staring of first coil and its next successive coil
 Number of commutator segments between two successive coils.
 Number of conductors spanned by one coil at the back end of the armature.
 Number of conductors spanned by one coil at the front end of the armature.

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