Theory of Machine
In a steam engine, one method of obtaining the earlier cut-off with a simple slide valve is by increasing the angle of advance of the eccentric while the throw of the eccentric, steam lap and exhaust lap are kept constant. This method will

Reduce maximum opening of port to steam
Reduce length of effective stroke of piston
Cause withdrawing or throttling of steam
All of these

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Theory of Machine
In a cone pulley, if the sum of radii of the pulleys on the driving and driven shafts is constant, then

Open belt drive is recommended
Both open belt drive and crossed belt drive is recommended
The drive is recommended depending upon the torque transmitted
Crossed belt drive is recommended

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