RCC Structures Design
If p₁ and p₂ are mutually perpendicular principal stresses acting on a soil mass, the normal stress on any plane inclined at angle θ° to the principal plane carrying the principal stress p₁, is:

[(p₁ - p₂)/2] + [(p₁ + p₂)/2] cos 2θ
[(p₁ - p₂)/2] + [(p₁ + p₂)/2] sin 2θ
[(p₁ + p₂)/2] + [(p₁ - p₂)/2] sin 2θ
[(p₁ + p₂)/2] + [(p₁ - p₂)/2] cos 2θ

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RCC Structures Design
As per IS : 456, the reinforcement in a column should not be less than

0.5% and not more than 5% of cross-sectional area
0.7% and not more than 7% of cross-sectional area
0.8% and not more than 8% of cross-sectional area
0.6% and not more than 6% of cross-sectional area

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