Surveying
If ‘δ’ is the declination of the star and ‘φ’ is the latitude of the observer, then the azimuth of the star at elongation is given by

tan z = sec φ . cos δ
cos z = sec φ . cos δ
sin z = sec φ . cos δ
None of these

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Surveying
A telescope is said to be inverted if its

vertical circle is to its left and the bubble of the telescope is down
vertical circle is to its right and the bubble of the telescope is up
vertical circle is to its left and the bubble of the telescope is up
vertical circle is to its right and the bubble of the telescope is down

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