Surveying
The latitude of the observer's position, is

Elevation of the elevated pole
Angular distance along the observer's meridian between equator and the observer
All listed here
Declination of the observer's zenith

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Surveying
Spring tides are caused when

Sun and moon are in line with earth
Solar tidal force and lunar tidal force both coincide
Solar tidal force acts opposite to lunar tidal force
None of these

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Surveying
If the lower clamp screw is tightened and upper clamp screw is loosened, the theodolite may be rotated

on its outer spindle with a relative motion between the vernier and graduated scale of lower plate
on its outer spindle without a relative motion between the vernier and gra-duated scale of lower plate
on its inner spindle with a relative motion between the vernier and the graduated scale of lower plate
on its inner spindle without a relative motion between the vernier and the graduated scale of lower plate

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Surveying
Which of the following errors cannot be eliminated by taking both face observations ?

error due to horizontal axis not being perpendicular to the vertical axis
error due to non-parallelism of the axis of telescope level and line of collimation
index error i.e. error due to imperfect adjustment of the vertical circle vernier
None of these

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