Process Equipment and Plant Design
Heat transfer co-efficient, hG(Kcal/hr.m² .°C) and mass velocity of air, G (kg/hr.m² ) for air flow parallel to the surface in case of constant drying rate in batch drying is related as hG = 0.0176G0.8. But when the flow of air perpendicular to the surface is encountered, this equation changes to

HG = 1.004G0.37
1.004G0.8
HG = 0.0176G0.37
0.0176G1.37

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
In a shell and tube heat exchanger for a given heat transfer surface area, smaller diameter tubes are favoured as compared to larger diameter ones ; because the smaller diameter tubes

Are less prone to fouling
Are easier to clean
None of these
Can be fitted into a smaller shell diameter hence the cost of the heat exchanger would be less

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