Process Equipment and Plant Design
Triangular pitch tube layout as compared to square pitch in a shell and tube heat exchanger

Permits the use of more tubes in a given shell diameter
Permits the use of less tubes in a given shell diameter
Both B and C
Facilitates comparatively easier external cleaning because of large clearance

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
In a shell and tube heat exchanger, the clearance of the tube is generally

More than the tube diameter
Equal to the tube diameter
More in case of triangular pitch as compared to the square pitch tube layout
Not less than one-fourth of the tube diameter or 3/16"

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
High pressure fluid in a shell and tube heat exchanger should preferably be routed through the

Shell side, if the flow is counter-current and tube side if the flow is co-current
Shell side for smaller total pressure drop
Shell side for large overall heat transfer co-efficient
Tubes to avoid the expansion of high pressure shell construction

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