Theory of Machine
Hammer blow

Varies inversely with the square of the speed
Is the maximum vertical unbalanced force caused by the mass added to balance the reciprocating masses
Is the maximum horizontal unbalanced force caused by the mass provided to balance the reciprocating masses.
Varies as the square root of the speed

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Theory of Machine
The contact ratio is given by

(Length of the path of approach)/(Circular pitch)
(Length of the arc of approach)/cosφ
(Length of path of recess)/(Circular pitch)
(Length of the arc of contact)/(Circular pitch)

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