Free cutting steels

Engineering Materials
Free cutting steels

Can be cut freely

Require minimum cutting force

Is used where rapid machining is the prime requirement

Contain carbon in free from

Can be cut freely

Require minimum cutting force

Is used where rapid machining is the prime requirement

Contain carbon in free from

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Engineering Materials
Cast iron is manufactured in

Blast furnace

Open hearth furnace

Bessemer converter

Cupola

Blast furnace

Open hearth furnace

Bessemer converter

Cupola

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Engineering Materials
Malleable cast iron

Is produced by small additions of magnesium (or cerium) in the ladle. Graphite is in the nodular or spheroidal form and is well dispersed throughout the material

Is also known as chilled cast iron and is obtained by cooling rapidly. It is almost unmachinable

Contains 1.7 to 3.5% carbon in Free State and is obtained by the slow cooling of molten cast iron

Is produced by annealing process. It is soft, tough, and easily machined metal

Is produced by small additions of magnesium (or cerium) in the ladle. Graphite is in the nodular or spheroidal form and is well dispersed throughout the material

Is also known as chilled cast iron and is obtained by cooling rapidly. It is almost unmachinable

Contains 1.7 to 3.5% carbon in Free State and is obtained by the slow cooling of molten cast iron

Is produced by annealing process. It is soft, tough, and easily machined metal

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Engineering Materials
Crystal structure of a material is, generally, examined by

Naked eye

Metallurgical microscope

Optical microscope

X-ray techniques

Naked eye

Metallurgical microscope

Optical microscope

X-ray techniques

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Engineering Materials
When a steel containing __________ 0.8% carbon is cooled slowly below the lower critical point, it consists of ferrite and pearlite.

Equal to

More than

Less than

None of these

Equal to

More than

Less than

None of these

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Engineering Materials
When low carbon steel is heated up to upper critical temperature

The average grain size is a minimum

The grain size first increases and then decreases very rapidly

The grain size increases very rapidly

There is no change in grain size

The average grain size is a minimum

The grain size first increases and then decreases very rapidly

The grain size increases very rapidly

There is no change in grain size

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Engineering Materials

Engineering Materials Free cutting steels

Engineering Materials Cast iron is manufactured in

Engineering Materials Malleable cast iron

Engineering Materials Crystal structure of a material is, generally, examined by

Engineering Materials When a steel containing __________ 0.8% carbon is cooled slowly below the lower critical point, it consists of ferrite and pearlite.

Engineering Materials When low carbon steel is heated up to upper critical temperature

Engineering Materials
Free cutting steels

Engineering Materials
Cast iron is manufactured in

Engineering Materials
Malleable cast iron

Engineering Materials
Crystal structure of a material is, generally, examined by

Engineering Materials
When a steel containing __________ 0.8% carbon is cooled slowly below the lower critical point, it consists of ferrite and pearlite.

Engineering Materials
When low carbon steel is heated up to upper critical temperature