Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
Francis turbine is best suited for

Low head installation up to 30 m
Medium head application from 24 to 180 m
All types of heads
High head installation above 180 m

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Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
Mach number is significant in

full immersion or completely enclosed flow, as with pipes, aircraft wings, nozzles etc
simultaneous motion through two fluids where there is a surface of dis-continuity, gravity force, and wave making effects, as with ship’s hulls
all of fhe above
supersonics, as with projectiles and jet propulsion

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