Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
A tank of uniform cross-sectional area (A) containing liquid upto height (H1) has an orifice of cross-sectional area (a) at its bottom. The time required to bring the liquid level from H1 to H2 will be

2A × (√H₁ - √H₂)/Cd × a × √(2g)
2A × √H₂/Cd × a × √(2g)
2A × (√H3/2 - √H3/2)/Cd × a × √(2g)
2A × √H₁/Cd × a × √(2g)

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Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
The flow ratio of Francis turbine is defined as the ratio of the

Theoretical velocity of jet to the velocity of flow at inlet
Velocity of flow at inlet to the theoretical jet velocity
Velocity of runner at inlet to the velocity of flow at inlet
None of these

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