Process Equipment and Plant Design
For a cylindrical shell, (subject to the thickness of uppermost course being more than the minimum for diaofthe tank in question), the thickness of the courses of shell

Increases upwards
Remains same throughout
May decrease or increase upwards depending upon whether vacuum or positive pressure would be maintained inside the shell
Decreases upwards

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
The LMTD correction factor (FT) is defined as the

Ratio of LMTD to the true temperature difference
Differenced of true temperature difference and the LMTD
Geometric mean of the true temperature difference and the LMTD
Ratio of true temperature difference to the LMTD

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