Process Equipment and Plant Design
For a cylindrical shell, (subject to the thickness of uppermost course being more than the minimum for diaofthe tank in question), the thickness of the courses of shell

Remains same throughout
May decrease or increase upwards depending upon whether vacuum or positive pressure would be maintained inside the shell
Increases upwards
Decreases upwards

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
In the case of a shell and tube heat exchanger, the logarithmic mean temperature difference

May be either more or less than geometric mean and arithmetic mean value depending upon whether the flow of stream is co-current or counter-current
Is always less than arithmetic mean value, but more than geometric mean value
Is always less than arithmetic average value
Is always more than arithmetic mean value and the geometric mean value

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