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Process Equipment and Plant Design

Process Equipment and Plant Design
Factor of safety (i.e., overdesign factor) in heat transfer equipments is about __________ percent more than the actual/theoretical design factor.

35-40
30-35
43961
15-20

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
An increase in the liquid resistance to interphase mass transfer and a resultant reduction in plate efficiency is caused by

An increase in relatived volatility for rectification columns
Decrease in gas solubility for absorbers
All of these
An increase in liquid viscosity

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
The main purpose of providing stepping on the trays is to

Increase the residence time
Decrease the pressure drop
Improve the flow condition
Facilitate handling of large flow rate of liquid

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
In a shell and tube heat exchanger having square pitch, the shell side equivalent diameter is given by (where, P = pitch, d = outside diameter of the tube)

4P²/πd
4(P² - πd²/4)/πd
Πd/4P²
(P² - πd²/4)/πd

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
Tube wall thickness depends on the cor-rosiveness of the fluids and their operating pressure & temperature and is specified by Birmingham wire gauge (B.W.G)-a number which varies from 8 to 18 with the numbers 14 and 16 being more commonly used. Outside diameter of tubes varies from about 15 to 50 mm; however a tube of less than __________ mm outside diameter is generally not recommended for fouling fluids.

19
38
16
28

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
Bubble cap diameter used for the distillation column having diameter ranging from 1.5 to 4.5 metres is about __________ mm.

100
50
150
10

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