Electrical Machines
The factors that are responsible for decrease in terminal voltage of a shunt generator are

 armature resistance, inter poles, armature.
 armature resistance, effect of armature reaction.
  armature resistance, effect of armature reaction.
  reduction in field current, effect of armature reaction, armature.

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Electrical Machines
Flashing of DC generator means

  increasing flux density by providing extra ampere-turns in field.
 neutralization of residual magnetism.
None of these
  creation of residual magnetism by a DC source.

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