Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
In an outward flow reaction turbine

The water enters at the centre of the wheel and then flows towards the outer periphery of the wheel
The water flows parallel to the axis of the wheel
The flow of water is partly radial and partly axial
The water enters the wheel at the outer periphery and then flows towards the centre of the wheel

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Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
An orifice is said to be large, if

The size of orifice is large
The available head of liquid is more than 5 times the height of orifice
The velocity of flow is large
The available head of liquid is less than 5 times the height of orifice

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