Electrical Machines
The compensating winding in a DC machine

 is located in armature slots for compensation of the armature reaction.
  is located on pole shoes to avoid the sparking at the brushes.
  is located on pole shoes for avoiding the flashover at the commutator.
 is located on commutating poles for improving commutation.

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Electrical Machines
Cogging and crawling are phenomena associated with

 the former during starting and the latter at a fraction of its rated speed.
 cage induction machines and they are essentially the same.
 the former at a fraction of its rate speed and the latter during starting.
 any of the above.

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Electrical Machines
In a DC machine

 current and emf in armature are alternating.
 current and emf in armature are unidirectional
 current and emf at the terminals are alternating.
 emf in armature conductors and at the terminals is alternating.

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