Electrical Machines
The synchronous motor can be started by

  any of the above methods.
  coupling it with a small AC induction motor called the pony motor.
  coupling it with a DC compound motor.
  providing damper winding in its rotor circuit.

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Electrical Machines
The 3 - Φ induction motors are, by a very considerable margin, the most widely used AC motors as

  these are cheaper in cost, simple and rugged in construction.
  they have very good speed regulation.
  they are capable of operation under range of leading and lagging pf.
  they have maximum efficiency and maximum starting torque.

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