Internal Combustion Engines
For the same compression ratio

Compression ratio has nothing to do with efficiency
Diesel cycle is more efficient than Otto
Otto cycle is more efficient than the Diesel
Both Otto and Diesel cycles are, equally efficient

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Internal Combustion Engines
If V₁ is the jet velocity and V₀ is the vehicle velocity, then the propulsive efficiency of a rocket is given by

V₁/(V₀ + V₁)
V₀/(V₀ + V₁)
[2(V₀/V₁)]/ [1 + (V₀/V₁)²]
(V₀/V₁)/ [1 + (V₀/V₁)²]

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Internal Combustion Engines
As compared to air standard cycle, in actual working, the effect of variation in specific heats is to

Increase maximum pressure and decrease maximum temperature
Increase maximum pressure and maximum temperature
Decrease maximum pressure and increase maximum temperature
Reduce maximum pressure and maximum temperature

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