Internal Combustion Engines
The compensating jet in a carburettor supplies almost constant amount of petrol at all speeds because the

The diameter of the jet is constant and the discharge coefficient is invariant
Flow is produced due to the static head in the float chamber
The flow from the main jet is diverted to the compensating jet with increase in speed
Jet area is automatically varied depending on the suction

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Internal Combustion Engines
In a typical medium speed 4-stroke cycle diesel engine the inlet valve

Opens at 20° before top dead center and closes at 35° after the bottom dead center
Opens at top dead center and closes at bottom dead center
Opens at 10° after top dead center and closes 20° before the bottom dead center
May open or close anywhere

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Internal Combustion Engines
The injector nozzle of a compression ignition engine is required to inject fuel at a sufficiently high pressure in order to

Ensure that penetration is not high
Inject fuel at a high velocity to facilitate atomization
All of these
Inject fuel in a chamber of high pressure at the end of compression stroke

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