Internal Combustion Engines
The fuel valve in a four stroke cycle diesel engine

Opens at 15° after top dead center and closes at 20° before bottom dead center
Opens at 15° before top dead center and closes at 20° after top dead center
May open and close anywhere
Opens at top dead center and closes at bottom dead center

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Internal Combustion Engines
The purpose of testing an internal combustion engine is

To satisfy the customer regarding the performance of the engine
To determine the information, which cannot be obtained by calculations
All of these
To conform the data used in design, the validity of which may be doubtful

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Internal Combustion Engines
In a typical medium speed 4-stroke cycle diesel engines

Exhaust valve opens just after bottom dead center and closes just before top dead center
May open and close anywhere
Exhaust valve opens at bottom dead center and closes at top dead center
Exhaust valve opens at 35° before bottom dead center and closes at 20° after top dead center

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Internal Combustion Engines
Which one of the following event would reduce volumetric efficiency of a vertical compression ignition engine?

Inlet valve opening before top dead center
Exhaust valve closing after top dead center
Inlet valve closing after bottom dead center
Inlet valve closing before bottom dead center

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