Electrical Machines
DC motors are stopped by opening line switches and not by forcing the handle of the motor starter back to OFF position. This is due to occurance of

 Both of above.
 Heavy sparking at brushes.
 None of these.
 Heavy sparking at the first stud of starting resistance steps.

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Electrical Machines
A DC shunt generator builds up to a voltage of 220 V at no load while running at its rated speed. If the speed of the generator is raised by 25% kepping the circuit conditions unaltered, then the Voltage to which the machine would build up will

 not change and remain at 220 V
 increase to value lying between 220 V and 1.25 times 220 V
 increase to 1.25 times 220 V
 increase to a value greater than 1.25 times 220 V

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