Electrical Machines
DC motors are stopped by opening line switches and not by forcing the handle of the motor starter back to OFF position. This is due to occurance of

 None of these.
 Heavy sparking at brushes.
 Heavy sparking at the first stud of starting resistance steps.
 Both of above.

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Electrical Machines
If two 8-pole dc machines of identical armature sare wound, one with lap winding and the other with wave winding, then

 lap-wound machine will have more rated voltage and less current
 lap-wound machine will have more rated voltage and more current
 wave-wound machine will have more rated voltage and less current
 wave-wound machine will have more rated current and more voltage

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