Electrical Machines
DC motors are stopped by opening line switches and not by forcing the handle of the motor starter back to OFF position. This is due to occurance of

 Both of above.
 Heavy sparking at brushes.
 None of these.
 Heavy sparking at the first stud of starting resistance steps.

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Electrical Machines
Skewing of the rotor in a 3 - Φ squirrel cage induction motor reduces

  noise and parasitic torque, but increase starting and pull-out torque.
  noise and pullout torque, but increase parasitic and starting torque.
  noise, parasitic torque, starting torque and pull out torque.
  noise, parasitic and starting torque, but increase pull out torque.

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