Recombinant DNA
Charged molecules are separated based on varying rates of migration through a solid matrix when subjected to an electric field. This technique is known as

gel electrophoresis
blotting
photoreactivation
autoradiography

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Recombinant DNA
Bacterial cells protect their own DNA from degradation by restriction endonucleases by

not producing any restriction endonucleases
methylating the DNA at the sites that the enzyme recognizes
deleting all recognition sites from the genome
having anti restriction endonucleases

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Recombinant DNA
Vectors are

molecules that help in replication
molecules that degrade nucleic acids
molecules that protect host cells from invasion by foreign DNA
molecules that are able to covalently bond to and carry foreign DNA into cells

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