Process Equipment and Plant Design
Practical dividing line between a ductile and brittle materials is suggested, when the ultimate elongation is about 5%. Generally, larger the knuckle radius, stronger is the corner torus section of a head. The knuckle radius provided should be less than __________ of the head.

Either A or B, whichever is larger
Either A or B, whichever is smaller
6% of I.D.
3 times the thickness

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
Bubble cap tray is the most commonly used tray in large distillation column, because

It incurs less pressure drop as compared to any other try designed for the same duty
Of its flexibility and nearly constant efficiency under varying conditions of operation
It eliminates the foaming and entrain-ment tendency during operation
None of these

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