Electrical Machines
In case of 3 - Φ IM, plugging means

  starting the motor on load which is more than the rated load.
  locking of rotor due to harmonics.
  interchanging two supply phases for quick stopping.
  pulling the motor directly on line without a rotor.

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Electrical Machines
In large sized DC machines the compensating windings are provided to

None of these
  neutralize voltage induced in coil due to fluctuation of l
 compensate for the decrease in speed due to increase of load.
 reduce eddy current losses by providing local short circuits.

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