Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
An open tank containing liquid is made to move from rest with a uniform acceleration. The angle 0 which the free surface of liquid makes with the horizontal is such that (where a = Horizontal acceleration of the tank, and g = Acceleration due to gravity)

tanθ = a/2g
tanθ = 2 a/g
tanθ = a/g
tanθ = a2/2g

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Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
The purpose of a surge tank is

All of these
To eliminate water hammer possibilities
To control the pressure variations due to rapid changes in the pipe line flow
To regulate flow of water to turbines by providing necessary retarding head of water

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