Measurement and Instrumentation
An instrument to be used for measurement and control should preferably have

A highly damped response
Non-linear output
Linear output and fast response
Dead zone and dead time

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Measurement and Instrumentation
In DC potentiometer measurments, a second reading is often taken after reversing the polarities of the DC supply and the unknown voltage and the average of the two reading is taken. This is with a view of eliminate the effects of

 Errorneous standardisation.
 Stray magnetic fields.
  Stray thermal emfs.
 Ripples of the DC supply.

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