Microorganisms and Disease
Type III secretion systems are used to inject "effector" proteins directly into a host cell. Salmonella uses a type III secretion system to help the pathogen to

survive within macrophages
survive the acid pH of the stomach
secrete LT (heat labile toxin) and ST (heat stable toxin) into the lumen of the intestine
activate T cells to proliferate and secrete cytokines

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Microorganisms and Disease
Prontosil is

an effective antibacterial when used in in-vitro cultures
not used as an antibacterial agent
an effective antibacterial when used in animals
an effective antibacterial both in animals as well as in in-vitro cultures

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Microorganisms and Disease
Which of the following is true regarding anthrax?

Inhalation Anthrax requires infection with a large number of spores
Anthrax is caused by a virus
Inhalation anthrax and cutaneous anthrax are caused by separate strains of Bacillus anthracis
Anthrax is highly contagious

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Microorganisms and Disease
Plastic implants can pose a serious nosocomial infection problem because

phagocytes have trouble moving on the plastic surface
infected implants usually have to be surgically removed
All of these
phagocytes have trouble engulfing bacteria embedded in a biofilm

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