Building Construction
According to Rankine's formula, minimum depth of foundations, is

(P/2w) × [(1 - sin φ)/(1 + sin φ)]²
(P/w) × [(1 + sin φ)/(1 - sin φ)]
(P/w) × [(1 + sin φ)/(1 - sin φ)]²
(P/w) × [(1 - sin φ)/(1 + sin φ)]²

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Building Construction
Negative skin friction

Develops due to lowering of ground water
Both (A) and (B)
Is a downward drag acting on a pile due to downward movement of the surrounding compressible soil relative to the pile
Neither (A) not (B)

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