Soil Mechanics and Foundation
A tri-axial shear test is preferred to direct shear test, because

None of these
Stress distribution on the failure plane, is non uniform
It can be performed under all three drainage conditions with complete control
Precise measurement of pore pressure and change in volume during test, is not possible

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Soil Mechanics and Foundation
Degree of consolidation is

directly proportional to square of drainage path and inversely proportional to time
directly proportional to time and inversely proportional to drainage path
directly proportional to drainage path and inversely proportional to time
directly proportional to time and inversely proportional to square of drainage path

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Soil Mechanics and Foundation
Effective stress on soil

Decreases both voids ratio and permeability
Decreases voids ratio and increases permeability
Increases voids ratio and decreases permeability
Increases both voids ratio and permeability

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