Soil Mechanics and Foundation
A tri-axial shear test is preferred to direct shear test, because

Precise measurement of pore pressure and change in volume during test, is not possible
Stress distribution on the failure plane, is non uniform
It can be performed under all three drainage conditions with complete control
None of these

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Soil Mechanics and Foundation
The average coefficient of permeability of natural deposits

Parallel to stratification is always less than that perpendicular to stratification
Parallel to stratification may or may not be greater than that perpendicular to stratification
Parallel to stratification is always greater than that perpendicular to stratification
Is always same in both directions

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Soil Mechanics and Foundation
With the increase in the amount of compaction energy

both optimum water content and maximum dry density decrease[ES 93]
optimum water content decreases but maximum dry density increases
both optimum water content and maximum dry density increase
optimum water content increases but maximum dry density decreases

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