Soil Mechanics and Foundation
A tri-axial shear test is preferred to direct shear test, because

Precise measurement of pore pressure and change in volume during test, is not possible
None of these
Stress distribution on the failure plane, is non uniform
It can be performed under all three drainage conditions with complete control

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Soil Mechanics and Foundation
In a deposit of normally consolidated clay

effective stress increases with depth but water content of soil and un-drained strength decrease with depth
effective stress and undrained strength increase with depth but water content decreases with depth
effective stress and water content increase with depth but undrained strength decreases with depth
effective stress, water content and undrained strength decrease with depth

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Soil Mechanics and Foundation
The admixture of coarser particles like sand or silt to clay causes

decrease in both liquid limit and plasticity index
increase in both liquid limit and plasticity index
decrease in liquid limit and increase in plasticity index
decrease in liquid limit and no change in plasticity index

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