Theory of Machine
A spring controlled governor is said to be unstable when the controlling force

Remains constant for all radii of rotation
Decreases as the radius of rotation increases
Increases as the radius of rotation decreases
Increases as the radius of rotation increases

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Theory of Machine
In gears, interference takes place when

Pitch of the gears is not same
Gears do not move smoothly in the absence of lubrication
The tip of a tooth of a mating gear digs into the portion between base and root circles
Gear teeth are undercut

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Theory of Machine
Two heavy rotating masses are connected by shafts of lengths l₁, l₂ and l₃ and the corresponding diameters are d₁, d₂ and d₃. This system is reduced to a torsionally equivalent system having uniform diameter d = d₁ of the shaft. The equivalent length of the shaft is

l = l₁ + l₂.(d₁/d₂)⁴ + l₃.(d₁/d₃)⁴
l₁ + l₂ + l₃
(l₁ + l₂ + l₃)/3
l = l₁ + l₂.(d₁/d₂)³ + l₂.(d₁/d₃)³

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Theory of Machine
The frictional torque transmitted in a truncated conical pivot bearing, considering uniform pressure, is

(2/3). μ W cosecα [(r₁³ - r₂³)/(r₁² - r₂²)]
(1/2). μ W cosecα [(r₁³ - r₂³)/(r₁² - r₂²)]
(2/3). μ W cosecα (r₁ + r₂)
(1/2). μ W cosecα (r₁ + r₂)

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