Theory of Machine
The swaying couple is maximum or minimum when the angle of inclination of the crank to the line of stroke (θ) is equal to

180° and 270°
90° and 180°
45° and 225°
270° and 360°

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Theory of Machine
In a steam engine, one method of obtaining the earlier cut-off with a simple slide valve is by increasing the angle of advance of the eccentric while the throw of the eccentric, steam lap and exhaust lap are kept constant. This method will

Cause withdrawing or throttling of steam
All of these
Reduce length of effective stroke of piston
Reduce maximum opening of port to steam

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