Electrical Machines
A self-excited shunt generator fails to build up, because 1. the field circuit is open 2. The armature circuit is open 3. the residual magnetism is absent 4. The direction of rotation is wrong From these, the correct answer is

 1, 2, 3 and 4
 1, 2 and 3
 1, 3
 3 only

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Electrical Machines
In a DC machine the armature mmf is

  stationary with respect to field poles.
  rotating with respect to field poles as well as armature.
 rotating with respect to field poles.
  stationary with respect to armature.

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Electrical Machines
The armature mmf of a DC machine has

  triangular space distribution and rotates at the speed of armature.
  trapezoidal space distribution and is stationary in space.
  triangular space distribution and is stationary in space.
 stepped distribution and rotates at the speed of armature.

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