Electrical Machines
A self-excited shunt generator fails to build up, because 1. the field circuit is open 2. The armature circuit is open 3. the residual magnetism is absent 4. The direction of rotation is wrong From these, the correct answer is

 3 only
 1, 3
 1, 2, 3 and 4
 1, 2 and 3

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Electrical Machines
If the applied voltage of a certain transformer is increased by 50% and the frequency is reduced by 50%, the maximum flux density will (assuming that the magnetic circuit remains unsaturated)

 changes to three times the original value
 changes to 0.5 times the original value
 changes to 1.5 times the original value
 remain the same as the original

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