Machine Design
A plate with an elliptical hole in the centre, with semi-major axis (a) perpendicular to the direction of loading and semi-minor axis (b) along the direction of loading, is subjected to a pull P. The maximum stress induced at the edge of the hole is equal to (where σ = Stress for a plate with no hole i.e. nominal stress)

σ [1 + (3a/b)]
σ [1 + (b/2a)]
σ [1 + (2a/b)]
σ [1 + (b/3a)]

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Machine Design
Which is correct statement? Stress concentration in cyclic loading is

Seriousness would depend on other factors
Very serious in ductile materials and less serious in brittle materials
Very serious in brittle materials and less serious in ductile materials
Equally serious in both types of materials

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