Machine Design
A plate with an elliptical hole in the centre, with semi-major axis (a) perpendicular to the direction of loading and semi-minor axis (b) along the direction of loading, is subjected to a pull P. The maximum stress induced at the edge of the hole is equal to (where σ = Stress for a plate with no hole i.e. nominal stress)

σ [1 + (2a/b)]
σ [1 + (b/2a)]
σ [1 + (3a/b)]
σ [1 + (b/3a)]

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Machine Design
In hydrodynamic bearings

Grease is used for lubrication
Do not require external supply of lubricant
The oil film is maintained by supplying oil under pressure
The oil film pressure is generated only by the rotation of the journal

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